Degenerate Forms Toxic Changes and Artifacts Fig 9 ad
Rarely, degenerate leukocyte forms Fig. 9 a may be found in the peripheral blood of patients exposed to certain irritants. They are more commonly seen in smears prepared from long-stored blood previously treated with EDTA or citrate solution. Most of these cells have the same diameter as segmented forms, but many are considerably smaller 4-8 im . Usually their cytoplasm is slightly more basophilic than in segmented forms, and their granules are coarser and often smudged. Pronounced nuclear...
Fixation Suitable for Esterase Acid Phosphatase DAP IV
The fixative solution is composed of 30 mL buffer solution 20 mg disodium hydrogen phosphate 12H20 and 100 mg potassium dihydrogen phosphate dissolved in 30 mL distilled water pH should be 6.6 45 mL analytical grade acetone Fix air-dried smears in this solution for 30 s at 4 -10 0C, wash in three changes of distilled water, and dry at room temperature for 10 - 30 min. Schaefer universal fixative. Mix 0.5 mL of 25 glutardialdehyde solution and 60 mL analytical grade acetone in distilled water to...
Undritz Toluidine Blue Stain for Basophils
Reagent. Saturated toluidine blue-methanol dissolve 1 g toluidine blue in 100 mL methanol. The solution will keep indefinitely. Method. Fix and stain the air-dried smears on the staining rack by covering with the toluidine blue-methanol for 5 min. Wash in tap water, air dry. Interpretation. The granulations in basophils and mast cells stain a red-violet color owing to the strong metachromatic effect of the sulfate present in the heparin. As a result, these cells are easily identified even at...
Cytochemical Determination of Acid Phosphatase
Staining solution mix together 0.8 mL hexazo-tized pararosaniline mix equal parts 4 sodium nitrite and 4 pararosaniline in HCl, see Appendix 30 mL Michaelis buffer pH 7.4 58 mL of 0.imol L sodium barbital 41.9 mL of 0.imol L HCl 10 mg naphthol-AS-BI phosphate, dissolved in 1 mL dimethyl-formamide. Adjust the solution to pH 4.9-5.1 and filter before use. Fix the air-dried smears at 4 0C for 30 s. Incubate in stain solution for 3 h at room temperature. Place in Mayer's hemalum for 3 min. Blue in...
Cells of Erythropoiesis Fig 4af
The proerythroblasts, called also pronormoblasts or rubriblasts, are the earliest precursors of erythropoiesis. They range from 15 to 22 im in size and do not yet contain hemoglobin. They typically have a darkly basophilic, often shadowy cytoplasm that sometimes shows pseu-dopodia. The nucleus has a dense, finely honeycombed chromatin structure Fig. 4 a - c . Most proerythroblasts have several at most five indistinct pale blue nucleoli, which disappear as the cell matures. Like all...
g
Macrophages in the Bone Marrow Fig. 14 a-h Macrophage with nuclei, erythrocytes and platelets in the cytoplasm nucleus at lower right Fig. 14 a . Two macrophages with cellular residues Fig. 14 b . Macrophage showing high acid phosphatase activity red and nuclear residues bluish gray Fig. 14 c . Binucleated macrophage with predominantly fine-grained hemosiderin in the cytoplasm yellow-gold Fig. 14 d . Abundant hemosiderin, some coarsely granular, in the cytoplasm Fig. 14 e . Clumped and...
Granulocytopoiesis and Mast Cells Tissue Basophils
Myeloblasts and Promyelocytes Fig. 7 a-h Myeloblasts are the earliest precursors of granulocytopoiesis that can be identified by light microscopy. Today it is believed that they also function as precursors of monocytes, i.e., as myelomo-noblasts. They range from 12 to 20 im in diameter Fig. 7a-c . The cytoplasmic rim is basophilic but may show a range of hues from soft pale blue to dark blue. The cytoplasm is agranular on ordinary panoptic staining, although older cells frequently show...
Pappenheims Stain Panoptic Stain
The hematologic stain that we use most frequently, and which was used in most of the plates pictured in this atlas, is Pappenheim's panoptic stain. It is based on a combination of the Jen-ner-May-Grunwald stain and Giemsa stain. Method. Place the air-dried slide with the film side up in prepared May-Grunwald eosin-methylene blue solution for 3 min. Dilute with water or buffer solution phosphate buffer pH 7.3, see below for an additional 3 min. Pour off this solution and apply Giemsa stain...
Congenital Anomalies of Granulocytopoiesis Fig 10 af
This is an inherited anomaly involving the nuclei of granulocytes. The heterozygous form predominates in man while the homozygous form, characterized by small round or oval nuclei Fig. 10 c , is extremely rare. The nucleus of neutrophils is indented and resembles the band form, giving rise to a pseudoregenerative white blood picture. When nuclear segmentation lobulation occurs, the neutrophils acquire two nuclear lobes and rarely three. These lobes are exceptionally short, thick, and...
Mayers Acid Hemalum Nuclear Stain
This is used for the blue contrast staining of nuclei in assays of cytoplasmic cell constituents glycogen, enzymes pp. 9 ff. and in immunocyto-chemistry. Reagents. Dissolve 1 g hematoxylin Merck in 1 L distilled water and add 0.2 g sodium iodate NaIO3 and 50 g aluminum potassium sulfate KAl SO4 2 12H2O . After these salts are dissolved, add 50 g chloral hydrate and 1 g crystallized citric acid. The hemalum will keep for at least 6 months at 20 0C with no change in staining properties. The...
Splenic Aspiration
Splenic aspiration is rarely practiced nowadays and is always performed under some form of radiologic guidance. Today it is indicated only in certain forms of hypersplenism or unexplained splenic enlargement. We consider the Moeschlin technique to be the safest. Splenic aspiration is contraindicated in patients with hemorrhagic diathesis, septic splenomegaly, splenic cysts, or painful splenomegaly due to excessive capsular tension or infarction. The procedure should be used with caution in...
Pararosaniline Solution 4
Dissolve 2 g Graumann pararosaniline Merck in 50 mL of 2 mol L HCl by gentle heating. Cool and filter the solution. The sodium nitrite and pararosaniline solutions will keep for several months when stored in a dark bottle under refrigeration. Most of the reagents and even commercial staining kits can be ordered from pharmaceutical houses Merck, Serva, Sigma, etc. . Before kits are used for routine tests, they should be compared against solutions prepared by the methods indicated. The...
Hematology
Initiated by L. Heilmeyer and H. Begemann With 199 Figures, in 1056 separate Illustrations, Mostly in Color, and 17 Tables Ehem. Direktor der II. Medizinischen Klinik und Poliklinik der Universit t Kiel im St dtischen Krankenhaus Seelgutweg 7, 79271 St. Peter, Germany Ehem. Leiter der Abteilung fur Hamatologie und Onkologie 1. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universit t M nchen Westpreu enstra e 71, 81927 Munchen, Germany Professor Dr. med. Dr. phil....